getBlock
getBlock方法仅在solana-core v1.7或更高版本中有效，在solana-core v1.6 版本中请使用getConfirmedBlock方法。
getBlock方法返回帐本中的指定的已确认区块的标识和交易信息。
请求参数
<u64>- 区块槽位，u64整数<object>- (可选) 包含以下可选字段的配置对象：- (可选) encoding:
<string>- 返回交易的编码格式，可以是 "json", "jsonParsed", "base58" (慢), "base64"。 如果未指定该参数，则默认的编码格式为 "json"。 "jsonParsed" 编码尝试使用程序特定的解析器返回可读性 更好的交易数据。如果设置了"jsonParsed"但没有找到合适的解析器，则回退使用JSON编码(针对accounts, data 和programIdIndex字段). - (可选) transactionDetails:
<string>- 交易详细程度级别, 可以是 "full", "signatures", 或 "none"。 如果为设置该参数，则默认等级为"full". - (可选) rewards: bool - 是否填充 rewards 数组。如果未设置该参数，则返回结果默认包含rewards.
- (可选) Commitment; 不支持"processed"。 如果未设置该参数，默认值为"finalized".
- (可选) encoding:
响应结果
getBlock方法返回结果的result字段为以下值：
<null>- 如果指定的区块不存在则返回此结果<object>- 如果区块已确认，则返回包含如下字段的对象：- blockhash:
<string>- 区块的哈希，base-58编码字符串 - previousBlockhash:
<string>- 父区块哈希，base-58 编码; 如果由于账本清理导致父区块不存在， 则此字段返回 "11111111111111111111111111111111" - parentSlot:
<u64>- 父区块的槽位索引 - transactions:
<array>- 如果请求"full" 交易则包含此字段，为JSON对象数组，每个成员结构如下：- transaction:
<object|[string,encoding]>- 交易对象，JSON格式或编码二进制数据，取决于encoding参数 - meta:
<object>- 交易状态元数据对象，为null或:- err:
<object | null>- 如果交易失败则为Error对象，否则为null - fee:
<u64>- 此交易的手续费，u64整数 - preBalances:
<array>- 交易之前的账户余额数组 - postBalances:
<array>- 交易之后的账户余额数组 - innerInstructions:
<array|undefined>- 内层指令清单，或者为null - preTokenBalances:
<array|undefined>- 交易之前的token余额列表，如果未启用token余额记录则没有该字段 - postTokenBalances:
<array|undefined>- 交易之后的token余额列表，如果未启用token余额记录则没有该字段 - logMessages:
<array>- 日志消息数组，如果未启用日志记录则没有此字段 - 已弃用: status:
<object>- 交易状态- "Ok":
<null>- 交易成功 - "Err":
<ERR>- 交易失败
- "Ok":
- err:
- transaction:
- signatures:
<array>- 如果请求signatures级别的交易详情则包含此字段，值为交易签名列表 - rewards:
<array>- 如果请求reward则包含此字段，为一组JSON对象，成员结构为：- pubkey:
<string>- 接收reward的账号公钥的 base-58编码 - lamports:
<i64>- 账号收/欠的reward lamports数量 - postBalance:
<u64>- reward迭加之后的账号余额，以lamports计 - rewardType:
<string|undefined>- 奖励类型: "fee", "rent", "voting", "staking"
- pubkey:
- blockTime:
<i64 | null>- 预估的出块时间，Unix时间戳。不可用时为 null - blockHeight:
<u64 | null>- 区块高度
- blockhash:
示例代码
请求：
curl http://localhost:8899 -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '
{"jsonrpc": "2.0","id":1,"method":"getBlock","params":[430, {"encoding": "json","transactionDetails":"full","rewards":false}]}
响应：
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"result": {
"blockHeight": 428,
"blockTime": null,
"blockhash": "3Eq21vXNB5s86c62bVuUfTeaMif1N2kUqRPBmGRJhyTA",
"parentSlot": 429,
"previousBlockhash": "mfcyqEXB3DnHXki6KjjmZck6YjmZLvpAByy2fj4nh6B",
"transactions": [
{
"meta": {
"err": null,
"fee": 5000,
"innerInstructions": [],
"logMessages": [],
"postBalances": [
499998932500,
26858640,
1,
1,
1
],
"postTokenBalances": [],
"preBalances": [
499998937500,
26858640,
1,
1,
1
],
"preTokenBalances": [],
"status": {
"Ok": null
}
},
"transaction": {
"message": {
"accountKeys": [
"3UVYmECPPMZSCqWKfENfuoTv51fTDTWicX9xmBD2euKe",
"AjozzgE83A3x1sHNUR64hfH7zaEBWeMaFuAN9kQgujrc",
"SysvarS1otHashes111111111111111111111111111",
"SysvarC1ock11111111111111111111111111111111",
"Vote111111111111111111111111111111111111111"
],
"header": {
"numReadonlySignedAccounts": 0,
"numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts": 3,
"numRequiredSignatures": 1
},
"instructions": [
{
"accounts": [
1,
2,
3,
0
],
"data": "37u9WtQpcm6ULa3WRQHmj49EPs4if7o9f1jSRVZpm2dvihR9C8jY4NqEwXUbLwx15HBSNcP1",
"programIdIndex": 4
}
],
"recentBlockhash": "mfcyqEXB3DnHXki6KjjmZck6YjmZLvpAByy2fj4nh6B"
},
"signatures": [
"2nBhEBYYvfaAe16UMNqRHre4YNSskvuYgx3M6E4JP1oDYvZEJHvoPzyUidNgNX5r9sTyN1J9UxtbCXy2rqYcuyuv"
]
}
}
]
},
"id": 1
}
请求：
curl http://localhost:8899 -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '
{"jsonrpc": "2.0","id":1,"method":"getBlock","params":[430, "base64"]}
响应：
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"result": {
"blockHeight": 428,
"blockTime": null,
"blockhash": "3Eq21vXNB5s86c62bVuUfTeaMif1N2kUqRPBmGRJhyTA",
"parentSlot": 429,
"previousBlockhash": "mfcyqEXB3DnHXki6KjjmZck6YjmZLvpAByy2fj4nh6B",
"rewards": [],
"transactions": [
{
"meta": {
"err": null,
"fee": 5000,
"innerInstructions": [],
"logMessages": [],
"postBalances": [
499998932500,
26858640,
1,
1,
1
],
"postTokenBalances": [],
"preBalances": [
499998937500,
26858640,
1,
1,
1
],
"preTokenBalances": [],
"status": {
"Ok": null
}
},
"transaction": [
"AVj7dxHlQ9IrvdYVIjuiRFs1jLaDMHixgrv+qtHBwz51L4/ImLZhszwiyEJDIp7xeBSpm/TX5B7mYzxa+fPOMw0BAAMFJMJVqLw+hJYheizSoYlLm53KzgT82cDVmazarqQKG2GQsLgiqktA+a+FDR4/7xnDX7rsusMwryYVUdixfz1B1Qan1RcZLwqvxvJl4/t3zHragsUp0L47E24tAFUgAAAABqfVFxjHdMkoVmOYaR1etoteuKObS21cc1VbIQAAAAAHYUgdNXR0u3xNdiTr072z2DVec9EQQ/wNo1OAAAAAAAtxOUhPBp2WSjUNJEgfvy70BbxI00fZyEPvFHNfxrtEAQQEAQIDADUCAAAAAQAAAAAAAACtAQAAAAAAAAdUE18R96XTJCe+YfRfUp6WP+YKCy/72ucOL8AoBFSpAA==",
"base64"
]
}
]
},
"id": 1
}
交易结构
Transactions are quite different from those on other blockchains. Be sure to review Anatomy of a Transaction to learn about transactions on Solana.
The JSON structure of a transaction is defined as follows:
- signatures:
<array[string]>- A list of base-58 encoded signatures applied to the transaction. The list is always of length message.header.numRequiredSignatures and not empty. The signature at index i corresponds to the public key at index i in message.account_keys. The first one is used as the transaction id. - message:
<object>- Defines the content of the transaction. - accountKeys:
<array[string]>- List of base-58 encoded public keys used by the transaction, including by the instructions and for signatures. The first message.header.numRequiredSignatures public keys must sign the transaction. - header:
<object>- Details the account types and signatures required by the transaction. - numRequiredSignatures:
<number>- The total number of signatures required to make the transaction valid. The signatures must match the first numRequiredSignatures of message.account_keys. - numReadonlySignedAccounts:
<number>- The last numReadonlySignedAccounts of the signed keys are read-only accounts. Programs may process multiple transactions that load read-only accounts within a single PoH entry, but are not permitted to credit or debit lamports or modify account data. Transactions targeting the same read-write account are evaluated sequentially. - numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts:
<number>- The last numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts of the unsigned keys are read-only accounts. - recentBlockhash:
<string>- A base-58 encoded hash of a recent block in the ledger used to prevent transaction duplication and to give transactions lifetimes. - instructions:
<array[object]>- List of program instructions that will be executed in sequence and committed in one atomic transaction if all succeed. - programIdIndex:
<number>- Index into the message.accountKeys array indicating the program account that executes this instruction. - accounts:
<array[number]>- List of ordered indices into the message.accountKeys array indicating which accounts to pass to the program. - data:
<string>- The program input data encoded in a base-58 string.
内层指令结构
The Solana runtime records the cross-program instructions that are invoked during transaction processing and makes these available for greater transparency of what was executed on-chain per transaction instruction. Invoked instructions are grouped by the originating transaction instruction and are listed in order of processing.
The JSON structure of inner instructions is defined as a list of objects in the following structure:
- index: number - Index of the transaction instruction from which the inner instruction(s) originated
- instructions:
<array[object]>- Ordered list of inner program instructions that were invoked during a single transaction instruction. - programIdIndex:
<number>- Index into the message.accountKeys array indicating the program account that executes this instruction. - accounts:
<array[number]>- List of ordered indices into the message.accountKeys array indicating which accounts to pass to the program. - data:
<string>- The program input data encoded in a base-58 string.
token余额结构
The JSON structure of token balances is defined as a list of objects in the following structure:
- accountIndex:
<number>- Index of the account in which the token balance is provided for. - mint:
<string>- Pubkey of the token's mint. - uiTokenAmount:
<object>- - amount:
<string>- Raw amount of tokens as a string, ignoring decimals. - decimals:
<number>- Number of decimals configured for token's mint. - uiAmount:
<number | null>- Token amount as a float, accounting for decimals. DEPRECATED - uiAmountString:
<string>- Token amount as a string, accounting for decimals.